The incidence of condylomata acuminata in children seems to be increasing, paralleling a rising incidence reported in adults. This article reviews condylomata acuminata in children. The etiologic agent is the human papillomavirus (HPV), which causes soft, clustered, papillomatous growths of various sizes and shapes seen on moist mucosal surfaces, most frequently around the genital and rectal cases. The authors report a case series of three recent cases of children with condylomata in the oral cavity. For each of the three children described, the following observations were made: examination revealed a healthy child with no findings of warts outside the oral cavity; results of an anogenital examination were unremarkable, without signs of trauma, infection, or genital warts; and serologic tests for syphilis, hepatitis B, and HIV were negative. The authors review the cases presented, including the treatment. They note that the clinical recognition of mucosal HPV infection in a child raises all the unknowns about treatment and prognosis that accompany HPV genital infection in an adult. The additional burden for the pediatric caregiver is the concern that HPV mucosal infections in a child may be a manifestation of child sexual abuse. 5 figures. 28 references.
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